With the largest atoms and the smallest number of valence electrons and with the smallest atoms and the greatest number of valence electrons are the most reactive. a. nonmetals; metals b. nonmetals; transition elements c. transition elements; metals d. metals; nonmetals

Option B) oxygen (O)

Explanation:

The number of valence electrons in an element refers to the number of electrons in its outermost shell.

Hence, for each of the given elements, they are as follows:

- Phosphorus (P) has an atomic number of 15, with an electronic configuration of 1s2, 2s2 2p6, 3s2 3p3. Hence, it has 5 valence electrons.

- Oxygen (0) has an atomic number of 8, with an electronic configuration of 1s2, 2s2 2p6. Hence, it has 6 valence electrons.

- Sodium (Na), has an atomic number of 11, with an electronic configuration of 1s2, 2s2 2p6, 3s1. Hence, it has 1 valence electron.

- Magnesium (Mg) has an atomic number of 12, with an electronic configuration of 1s2, 2s2 2p6, 3s2. Hence, it has 2 valence electrons.

Thus, oxygen with 6 outermost electrons has the greatest number of valence electrons among the given elements.

Answer : The correct option is, Chlorine

Explanation :

The given elements are, Se, B, Ca, Cl

Element is Selenium, Se

Atomic number = 34

Group number = 16

General Electronic configuration of the group number 16 elements is, .

The general configuration shows the number of valence electrons are present in the element.

The number of valence electrons present = 2 + 4 = 6

Element is Boron, B

Atomic number = 5

Group number = 13

General Electronic configuration of the group number 13 elements is, .

The number of valence electrons present = 2 + 1 = 3

Element is Calcium, Ca

Atomic number = 20

Group number = 2

General Electronic configuration of the group number 2 elements is, .

The number of valence electrons present = 2

Element is Chlorine, Cl

Atomic number = 17

Group number = 17

General Electronic configuration of the group number 17 elements is, .

The number of valence electrons present = 2 + 5 = 7

From this we conclude that the chlorine is the element which has the greatest number of valence electrons available for bonding.

Hence, the correct option is, Chlorine.

chlorine

Explanation:

Explanation:

Metals are the substances that contain less number of valence electrons. Whereas as non-metals are the substances that contain more number of valence electrons.

Also, when we move down a group then there occurs increase in size of atoms due to addition of electrons.

So, outer shell of atoms move away from the nucleus. Hence, force of attraction between nucleus and valence electrons of metals decreases. So, metals are able to lose an electron easily with increase in size.

On the other hand, non-metals find it difficult to attract an electron when increase in size of atom occurs.

Thus, we can conclude that metals with the largest atoms and the smallest number of valence electrons and non-metals with the smallest atoms and the greatest number of valence electrons are the most reactive.

The greatest number of valence electrons available for bondinging is Chlorine.

We have to fill the gap

The correct answer is: Metals with the largest atoms and the smallest number of valence electrons and non-metals with the smallest atoms and the greatest number of valence electrons are the most reactive.

Reactivity of any species depends on ease of release or gain of electron. The species which can release electron easily from valence shell, the species is more reactive whereas the species which can accept electron to its valence shell easily is also more reactive.

An Atom can have "Eight" valence electrons at most

Hope this helps!

Chlorine has the greatest number for bonding

It is Group 8, which has the maximum number of valence electrons for bonding. This element does not like to bond however. It is stable which means it has its full orbital of valence electrons. That makes it nonreactive. Elements that are not full or only have one more to be stable are very reactive. Since Neon is in Group 8, your answer can me any in group 8. I will choose Neon. 

Me. It has 6 valence electrons. Everything else has 5